(INDIANAPOLIS) - Indiana firefighters tested for toxic "forever chemicals" showed higher levels than the general population, according to a new state report examining occupational exposure risks.
The Indiana Department of Homeland Security released results from its PFAS Testing Pilot Program, a voluntary effort launched after lawmakers approved $200,000 in funding in 2023. The program tested 316 firefighters from across the state, including career and volunteer departments, for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS.
PFAS are linked to increased cancer risk and other health concerns and are commonly found in firefighting foam and protective gear. January is Firefighter Cancer Awareness Month, and cancer remains the leading cause of line-of-duty deaths among firefighters.
The report found PFAS levels in firefighters were generally higher than those seen in the broader U.S. population. Foam use showed a clear pattern of increased exposure, while proper decontamination practices appeared to reduce risk. Firefighters who reported more frequent cleaning of gear and equipment tended to have lower PFAS levels.
State officials said the findings do not prove a direct cause but establish an important baseline for future monitoring. The report recommends expanded testing, stronger controls on foam use, and the creation of a long-term biomonitoring program for firefighters.
Indiana has already taken steps to reduce exposure, banning certain firefighting foams for training and disposing of more than 48,000 gallons statewide.
State Fire Marshal Steve Jones said the study is a critical step toward better protecting firefighters who face health risks long after the flames are out.